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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">NDJOP</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Niger Delta Journal of Philosophy &amp; African Values</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">NDJOP</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">3141-1800</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Department of Philosophy, Niger Delta University</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.66286/ndjop.hqjv4gzd</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>An Examination of the Consequences of Corporate Begging (fine-bara) in Kaduna Central Senatorial Zone, Kaduna State, Nigeria</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name>
            <surname>Ibrahim</surname>
            <given-names>Khadija</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="cor1">
          <email>khadijahibrahim19@gmail.com</email>
        </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-04-09">
        <day>9</day>
        <month>4</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>1</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>107</fpage>
      <lpage>119</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-04-09">
          <day>9</day>
          <month>4</month>
          <year>2026</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-04-09">
          <day>9</day>
          <month>4</month>
          <year>2026</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder>Department of Philosophy, Niger Delta University</copyright-holder>
        <license license-type="open-access" ns0:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/">
          <ns1:license_ref>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ns1:license_ref>
          <license-p>This article is published under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <p>Corporate begging, commonly known as \textit{fine-bara}, is a socio-economic phenomenon that carries significant consequences for individuals and the wider community in the Kaduna Central Senatorial Zone. This study employs a mixed-method approach, utilising quantitative data gathered via questionnaires administered to 537 respondents and qualitative insights obtained through in-depth interviews (IDIs), key informant interviews (KIIs), and case studies. Grounded in Anomie-Strain theory, Differential Association theory, and the Broken Window theory, the study investigates the consequences of corporate begging within the region. Findings reveal that corporate begging produces both positive and negative consequences, with the negative consequences far outweighing the positive ones. Insecurity emerges as the most prominent negative consequence, as corporate beggars have been linked to criminal activities including kidnapping, theft, and sexual harassment. Environmental nuisance, overdependence, poverty, and accidents also constitute notable negative outcomes. On the positive side, respondents acknowledged that corporate begging fulfils religious obligations for givers, potentially reduces criminal tendencies among beggars, and provides intelligence information to security operatives. The study underscores the urgent need for targeted policy interventions to combat corporate begging in the Kaduna Central Senatorial Zone, as no established policies currently exist to address the phenomenon effectively.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group kwd-group-type="author-keywords">
        <kwd>Consequences</kwd>
        <kwd>Corporate Begging</kwd>
        <kwd>Fine-bara</kwd>
        <kwd>Insecurity</kwd>
        <kwd>Kaduna Central Senatorial Zone</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
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  </front>
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